Where the math is defensible.
Long-form research on live enterprise decisions. Publication is selective. Every number traces to a named source. No takes without evidence.
Aluminum smelting and tariff architecture 2026: Section 232, the LME Russia ban, and the new premium geography
Primary aluminum links trade defense, sanctions enforcement, and a power constrained smelter map. We map the 71 million tonne supply system, the Section 232 stack, the LME Russia ban, and the 2026 to 2030 corridor.
Global primary aluminum production reached roughly 71 million tonnes in 2024 (IAI), with China near 43 million tonnes against its 45 million tonne cap, the GCC near 6, India above 4, Canada at 3, and Russia at 3.7 from Rusal. The trade system around that base has been rewritten in 24 months. The LME banned Russian metal produced after Apr...
Albanese Second Term, Australia's Labor Reset and the Industrial Policy Pivot
Labor's May 2025 majority of 78 seats locks in Closing Loopholes, same job same pay, and a wage floor of AUD 24.10. Future Made in Australia ties wages, processing credits, and hydrogen subsidies into one enterprise plan.
Anthony Albanese returned to The Lodge on May 3, 2025 with 78 of 151 House seats and a 43.4 percent two party preferred share, the first Labor majority re election since 1966. The mandate consolidates a labor settlement that was fragile in the first term: Closing Loopholes Act 2024 same job same pay, the right to disconnect, casual conver...
Australia critical minerals 2026: lithium, rare earths, and the IRA-aligned offtake
How Canberra is repositioning Greenbushes, Pilgangoora, and Lynas inside a US friend-shoring perimeter, and what trade analytics teams should model.
Australia entered 2026 as the indispensable upstream partner for an Inflation Reduction Act supply chain that wants to detach from China without admitting how dependent it remains. Spodumene from Greenbushes and Pilgangoora, separated rare earths from Lynas, and a thickening pipeline of nickel sulfate and refined copper now sit at the cen...
The Lithium Triangle in 2026: Chile's Codelco Pivot, Argentina's Brine Build, Bolivia's Stalled DLE
Chile converted Atacama into a 50/50 Codelco-SQM JV, Argentina's Olaroz, Hombre Muerto, and Rincon expansions target 130,000 tonnes LCE in 2026, and Bolivia's CATL and Uranium One DLE pilots remain stalled despite 23 million tonnes of resource.
The lithium triangle holds roughly 56 percent of identified global lithium resources (USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2025). Chile, Argentina, and Bolivia together accounted for about 28 percent of 2024 mine production of 240,000 tonnes lithium content, against Australia at 37 percent and China at 17 percent. Chile's April 2023 National ...
Cobalt 2026: the DRC chokepoint, the Indonesian flood, and a price floor that has not held
Seventy percent of mined cobalt comes out of one country, three quarters of refining sits in another, and the price has fallen by two thirds since 2022. The chokepoint did not disappear. It moved.
Cobalt entered 2026 as the most concentrated battery metal in the world and the worst priced. The Democratic Republic of the Congo produced roughly 70 percent of mined supply in 2024, China refined about three quarters of the global total, and prices fell from above 80,000 US dollars per tonne in 2022 to a 24,000 to 30,000 corridor across...
Copper and the Electrification Supercycle: Why 2026 Breaks the Bear Case
Codelco below 1.4 million tonnes, Cobre Panama still cold, AI grid copper at 3 to 4 kg per kW, and Chinese smelter TC/RC at zero. The supply side is losing its argument.
The copper market enters 2026 with a supply book structurally short of the demand it has signed up to serve. Codelco is guiding sub 1.4 million tonnes of mined output, the lowest since 1998, while Freeport's Grasberg is past peak grade, BHP's Escondida is grinding through head grade decay, and Glencore's Collahuasi expansion remains stall...
Greenland and Nordic Critical Minerals 2026: Rare Earths, Geopolitics, and Environmental Constraint
How Greenland's REE deposits, Sweden's Norra Karr restart, Norway's seabed cycle, and Finland's battery cluster reshape Western supply security under the EU Critical Raw Materials Act.
The Nordic and Arctic basin has moved from peripheral curiosity to the centerpiece of Western critical minerals strategy in 2026. Greenland's Kvanefjeld and Kringlerne deposits are shaped by US security ambitions, Danish sovereignty calculus, and Inuit environmental veto power. Sweden's Norra Karr permit revival, Norway's contested seabed...
The Lithium Price Collapse: Marginal Cost, Demand Drift, and the 2027 Floor
Lithium carbonate fell 87 percent from the November 2022 peak and has spent five quarters bouncing along the Australian spodumene cost cliff. The recovery path now depends on Chinese converter discipline, BEV demand growth that is decelerating in every major region, and a direct lithium extraction pipeline that has slipped two years.
Battery grade lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE) priced on a CIF Asia basis collapsed from 84,000 dollars per tonne in November 2022 to 10,500 dollars in early 2024, then traded in a 10,000 to 13,000 dollar band through Q1 2026. The price is now sitting on the marginal cost of Chinese converter feedstock processed from Australian spodumen...