Where the math is defensible.
Long-form research on live enterprise decisions. Publication is selective. Every number traces to a named source. No takes without evidence.
Compute behind a fence: US AI export controls in 2026
Four years of BIS rules have built a tiered global compute regime. The October 2022 baseline, the October 2023 patch, the December 2024 HBM and tooling rules, and the January 2025 AI Diffusion Framework now shape every chip flow worth tracking. DeepSeek R1 forced the harder question. Are the controls working.
United States chip export controls have moved from a narrow performance ceiling into a full architecture for who gets to compute at frontier scale. The October 7, 2022 BIS rule set the first thresholds. October 17, 2023 closed the H800 and A800 workaround. December 2, 2024 added high bandwidth memory and 24 wafer fabrication tools to the ...
The Custom Silicon Insurgency Against Nvidia in 2026
AWS Trainium 2, Google TPU v5p and Trillium, Microsoft Maia, Meta MTIA, and a possible OpenAI ASIC are reshaping where AI compute margin lives, but the binding constraint sits one layer down at HBM and CoWoS-L.
The hyperscalers spent 2024 and 2025 telling investors that custom silicon would relieve their dependence on Nvidia, and 2026 is the year those claims start meeting empirical scrutiny. AWS has stood up Project Rainier for Anthropic at a publicly disclosed scale of more than one million Trainium 2 chips. Google has placed its TPU v5p gener...
Stockpile and Shadow Fleet: Taiwan's Resilience Architecture in 2026
Taipei has converted four years of cross-strait pressure into a layered resilience portfolio (energy reserves, food stocks, USD 580B foreign exchange buffer, semiconductor offshoring), shifting export dependence from China to the United States while bracing for the 2026 9-in-1 elections.
Taiwan's resilience strategy in 2026 is no longer a slogan but a portfolio of measurable buffers. The CPC Corporation operates an 11-day natural gas safety stock and is on track for a 14-day target by 2027, the petroleum strategic reserve sits near 146 days against the 90-day IEA benchmark, and the Council of Agriculture maintains 12 mont...
TSMC's Three Continent Fab Ramp: Arizona, Kumamoto, Dresden, and the Cost of Geographic Diversification
Arizona Phase 1 production live, Phase 2 4 nm pulled forward, Kumamoto JASM Phase 1 in volume, Dresden ESMC ground broken, and capex per wafer above the Taiwan baseline. The geographic diversification is happening; the unit economics still favor Hsinchu and Tainan.
TSMC's overseas footprint is no longer a slide deck. Arizona Fab 21 Phase 1 began commercial 4 nm production in 2024 with first revenue in late 2024 and Apple, AMD, and Nvidia chipsets ramping through 2025. Phase 2, originally scheduled for 3 nm in 2028, was pulled into a 4 nm and 3 nm dual-node configuration with first wafer outs targete...