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Energy and transition economics 2026-04-26 11 minute read 21 sources

Carbon capture in 2026: 45Q economics, project pipeline, and the gap between announcements and tonnes stored

The CCUS sector has moved from policy promise to a real but uneven build-out, with roughly 50 facilities operational, a 392-project pipeline that targets seven hundred million tonnes per year by 2030, and a 45Q stack that finally pays enough to close most point-source projects but still strains for direct air capture.

Global CCUS capacity sits near fifty million tonnes per year of operational injection across about fifty facilities, with a Global CCS Institute pipeline of 392 projects pointing at roughly seven hundred million tonnes per year if every announced project reaches FID and operates at design rate. The IRA-amended Section 45Q credit, eighty-f...

Energy and transition economics 2026-04-26 13 min read 12 sources

Cement After CBAM: The 2026 Decarbonization Capital Stack

Cement is 7 to 8 percent of global CO2 and 4.1 billion tonnes of output. The 2026 EU CBAM definitive period, IRA 45Q at 85 dollars per tonne, and the first commercial CCS kiln at Brevik rewrite the capital stack for clinker, clay, and capture.

Global cement production reached roughly 4.1 billion tonnes in 2024 (USGS MCS 2025), led by China at about 2.0 billion tonnes, India at 390 million tonnes, and the United States at 91 million tonnes. Average CO2 intensity near 0.6 tonnes per tonne of cement places the sector at 7 to 8 percent of global emissions and on the GCCA trajectory...